This book studies the construction methods for solving one-dimensional and multidimensional inverse dynamical problems for hyperbolic equations with memory. The theorems of uniqueness, stability and existence of solutions of these inverse problems are obtained. This book discusses the processes, by using generalized solutions, the spread of elastic or electromagnetic waves arising from sources of the type of pulsed directional "impacts" or "explosions". This book presents new results in the study of local and global solvability of kernel determination problems for a half-space. It describes the problems of reconstructing the coefficients of differential equations and the convolution kernel of hyperbolic integro-differential equations by the method of Dirichlet-to-Neumann. The book will be useful for researchers and students specializing in the field of inverse problems of mathematical physics.